In the design and analysis of reinforced-concrete (RC) structures,
the bond between there inforcement bar (rebar) and concrete is
one of the important factors that must be properly accounted for.
Thes searbond,inparticular,isthemainload-carrying mecha-
nism between the concrete and its reinforcement in the longitudi-
nal direction of the rebars.Although perfect bonding can be as-
sumed when little or no stress trans feroccurs between the
concrete and rebar,slipat the concrete-rebar interfaceusually
occurs when reinforced-concrete structures are loaded,especially
in cases when high stress at the contactinter face and at the end
anchorageexists.It has been shown that it is essential to include
bond-slipin the analysis of reinforced-concrete structures (Rots
1988).The bond stress is directly related to the slip of the inter-
face.The be havior of the interface will deteriorate after the slip
reachesacerta in level,and asaresult of damage development,
non linear and softening behavior will appearin the bond stress-
slip curves.The semust befully simulated in there in for ced-
concrete structure analysis.While the various bond problems can
be treated separately using contact elements (NgoandScordelis
1967;Schafer1975;Herrmann 1978) or interface elements
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