For almost half a century composite members, consisting of a
concrete slab on either a steel or a concrete beam, have been
used in structural applications. In this type of structure the
concrete slab is incorporated as part of the load-carrying
system by the use of shear-connectors at the interface
between the beam and the slab.
Considerable experimental and theoretical research has
been conducted to determine the type, amount, and
distribution of shear connection required to achieve full
composite action.* Siess, Viest, and Newmark1
stated that, in
general, the stiffer the shear connection the greater the shear
carried by it and the higher the degree of attainable
composite action. These conclusions were based on a
considerable number of pushout tests and quarter-scale model
composite beams using I beams and a mortar slab. To help
clarify what was actually occurring, an equation for
incomplete interaction was developed, which provided
reasonable agreement as to the shear force developed by the
connectors.
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